林业职业技术培训研究进展与展望

从文献研究规模、研究主题以及研究机构三个方面对林业培训文献进行梳理,并从培训现状、尚存在的问题、培训研究方法以及培训对策对文献进行分析。结果发现:尽管林业培训越来越受到林业局以及林户的重视,但依旧存在培训内容不够全面、培训效果评估体系不够健全等问题。从政府和林业局、参与培训的林户以及该领域的研究学者三个方面提出了相应的建议。     

Training and organisational performance: A meta‐analysis of temporal,institutional and organisational context moderators

Drawing on systems theory, we conducted a moderated meta‐analysis of the training and organisational performance relationship using 119 primary studies. We examined the moderating effects of quality versus quantity of training, time, institutional and organisational context factors in the relationship between training and organisational performance. Our findings reveal that training is positively and directly related to organisational performance with no statistically significant difference between measures of training quality and quantity. We found that the relationship was stronger over time and that country performance orientation and country labour cost moderate the training and organisational performance relationship. We found no evidence for the moderating effects of the three organisational context moderators we examined (i.e. industry sector, organisational size and technology intensity). Finally, our results reveal that training type (i.e. general or firm‐specific) does not moderate the training and organisational performance relationship.     

工程管理类专业学位硕士培养目标对产业需求的适应性研究

"响应需求,提高质量"是工程管理硕士教育发展的关键.通过对比分析国内1850个工程管理岗岗位要求和126个工程管理类专业学位硕士培养目标,研究发现中国高校工程管理类专业硕士培养目标基本不能反映产业需求,表现在:人才培养定位同质化现象明显;培养目标在信息技能和行动技能的修订上存在矫枉过正之嫌;培养单位对工程管理硕士生职业资质培养的重视度严重不足.在此基础上,提出培养目标设计建议:建立用人单位参与培养方案设计的长效机制;警惕工程技术能力在培养过程中被"边缘化"的风险;强调培育提升工程管理硕士职业资质能力;立足学科优势,制定特色化培养目标.     

参与产学研合作对科研人员国际和国内论文发表的影响——区域边界和院校层次的调节作用

当前文献对参与产学研互动是否会正向或负向影响科研人员的学术绩效尚未形成一致结论。本文搜集参加广东省企业科技特派员计划的共3 524名科研人员的相关数据,考察参与学企人员流动形式的产学研互动对其学术绩效的影响,包括对国际和国内论文发表的影响。研究发现,参与学企人员流动对学术绩效既有正向促进作用,也有负向削弱效应。结果表明,参与计划对特派员国际论文发表的促进作用大于国内论文。参与后,特派员国际论文发表的增长速率有显著增加,而国内论文发表的增长速率却明显减低。且高层次院校科研人员参与学企人员流动比一般院校人员获得更高的国际论文产出。本地科研人员参与学企人员流动能够比区域外人员获得更高的国际论文产出。研究结论对平衡科研人员学术研究和创新成果转化活动的政府产学研政策、学研机构行政机制和企业管理策略都具有重要参考价值。     

科协系统开展代表履职培训的实践与思考

中国科协全国代表大会代表是中国科协联系凝聚广大科技工作者的重要纽带，通过培训提高代表履职能力和履职实效，是充分发挥代表作用、更好地服务科技工作者的一项基础性、长期性工作，已经成为科协系统联络服务代表工作的一项重要内容。本文系统总结了中国科协和地方科协开展的代表履职培训工作的基本情况，分析了培训特点、培训方式和存在的不足，在此基础上，提出科协系统加强代表履职培训的对策建议。     

The role of university Knowledge Transfer Offices: Not just commercialize research outputs!

While there is a prevailing rich body of studies on the role of university knowledge transfer office (KTO) in the commercialization process as part of the Third Mission, research on its role in community engagement activities is relatively neglected, even as funding agencies and policy makers conceive these as instrumental to sustaining social and economic development. This article focuses on the role of university KTO in supporting, facilitating or undertaking Third Mission community engagement activities. Drawing on data from the annual Higher Education Business and Community Interaction survey for the years 2007–2012, this paper empirically explores the relationship between a range of Third Mission activities by university KTO and performance of three key business-community services – provision of consultancy, provision of continuous professional development courses (CPD), and leasing of facilities and equipment (FE). It emerges that the routines of developing strategic plan and creating spin-off are positively associated with all types of community knowledge transfer (CKT) activities. Further, the routines of establishing partnerships with local and regional bodies, and licensing are positively related to CPD and FE, respectively. The article is concluded with implications for theory, practice, policy, and suggestions for future research.     

Workplace civility training: understanding drivers of motivation to learn

Abstract

Training is recommended as an important human resource management (HRM) practice to prevent mistreatment and enhance civility, but little is known about what influences the effectiveness of civility training. The central aim of this study was to address how workgroup conditions influence employees' attitudes about civility training and motivation to learn, which previous research shows is a predictor of training outcomes. Predictors were posited to include psychological and workgroup climate for civility, and personal and ambient mistreatment experiences. These predictors were hypothesized to drive positive (training discrepancy) and negative (training skepticism) pre‐training attitudes, which in turn were expected to influence motivation to learn. Results suggest the influence of climate for civility and mistreatment experiences on motivation to learn is largely indirect via pre‐training attitudes. Training skepticism and training discrepancy have conflicting influences on motivation to learn. Findings provide an empirical basis for HRM professionals to maximize employee motivation to learn in their own civility interventions.     

大学生学术道德失范行为的剖析与治理

近年来,高校学术不正之风十分严重,学术道德失范行为肆意蔓延,给刚刚步入学术之门的大学生带来了非常恶劣的影响,败坏了学风和校风。本文梳理了大学生学术道德失范行为现状及种种表现,分析了造成大学生道德失范的原因:急功近利的不良社会风气导致大学生学术研究的目的变异,高校学生学术道德监管机制尚不健全,学生自身学术道德修养不高。针对存在的问题,探寻有效措施,端正学风,提升学术主体的道德自律,遏制学生学术道德失范行为。     

高校介入大学生村官全程化培养的路径研究--基于嘉兴市200名大学生村官的调查

以嘉兴市200名在岗大学生村官为调查对象,分析了当前高校在大学生村官培养中存在的问题,同时,高校应根据大学生村官“村官前时期———村官任职期———后村官时期”三个不同成长阶段,建立“村官就业导向型在校教育———岗位技能提升型服务供给———期满流动对接型职业规划”的全程化培养机制,以推动大学生村官的有序流动。     

文化背景下大学生网络培养高校社区体育志愿者的可行性及策略研究

高校培养社区体育志愿者,不仅有广泛社会支持和持续稳定的高素质人才资源,还有大学生内在动力的不断转变和国外志愿服务的成功经验,因此高校完全具有培养社区体育志愿者的可行性。高校在培养社区体育志愿者的过程中,应让大学生树立正确的志愿理念,开设有针对性的培训课程,并且积极完善志愿服务激励机制,为志愿者搭建适宜的服务平台,以保证社区体育志愿服务的长效发展。